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Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2012, 8, 1406–1442, doi:10.3762/bjoc.8.163
Graphical Abstract
Scheme 1: Reactions for the methyl cation affinity (MCA) of a neutral Lewis base (1a), an anionic Lewis base ...
Figure 1: MCA values of monosubstituted amines of general formula Me2N(CH2)nH (n = 1–7, in kJ/mol).
Scheme 2: Systematic dependence of MCA.
Scheme 3: Trends in amine MCA values.
Figure 2: Eclipsing interactions in the best conformation of N+Me(iPr)3 (16Me) (left), and the corresponding ...
Scheme 4: General expression for the chain-length dependence of MCA values.
Figure 3: MCA values of monosubstituted phosphanes of general formula Me2P(CH2)nH (n = 1–8, in kJ/mol).
Figure 4: MCA values of monosubstituted phosphanes of general formula PMe2(CH(CH2)n+1) (n = 1–8, in kJ/mol).
Figure 5: The MCA values of n-butyldiphenylphosphane (102) and its (αα-/ββ-/γγ-) dimethylated analogues.
Figure 6: MCA values of phosphanes Me2P–NR2 with cyclic and acyclic amine substituents.
Figure 7: MCA values of phosphanes PMe2R connected to α,α- and β,β-position of nitrogen containing cyclic sub...
Scheme 5: Reactions for the benzhydryl cation affinity (BHCA) of a Lewis base (5a) and pyridine (5b).
Figure 8: Comparison of BHCA values (kJ/mol) and nucleophilicity parameters N for sterically unbiased pyridin...
Scheme 6: Reactions for the trityl cation affinity (THCA) of a Lewis base (6a) and pyridine (6b).
Figure 9: Comparison of MCA, BHCA, and TCA values of selected Lewis bases.
Scheme 7: Correlations of BHCA/TCA values with the respective MCA data for sterically unbiased systems (exclu...
Figure 10: Scheme for the angle d(RXRR) measurements.
Scheme 8: Reactions for the Mosher's cation affinity (MOSCA) of a Lewis base.
Scheme 9: Reactions for the acetyl cation affinity (ACA) of a Lewis base (9a) and pyridine (9b).
Figure 11: Structure of the acetylated pyridine 380 (380Ac).
Scheme 10: Reaction for the Michael-acceptor affinity (MAA) of a Lewis base.
Figure 12: Inverted reaction free energies for the addition of N- and P-based Lewis bases to three different M...
Figure 13: Correlation between MCA values and affinity values towards three different Michael acceptors.
Scheme 11: (a) General definition for a methyl cation transfer reaction between Lewis bases LB1 and LB2, and (...
Figure 14: The energetically best conformations of Pn-Bu3 (120_1, top) and (120_2, bottom).
Figure 15: Relative order of the conformations 120_1 to 120_7 depending on the level of theory.
Figure 16: The structure of the energetically best conformations of 120Me.